Detailed explanation of off-grid solar power generation system

The off-grid solar power generation system uses solar panels to convert solar energy into electrical energy when there is light, and supplies power to the load through the solar charge and discharge controller, while charging the battery; in cloudy weather or no light, the solar charge and discharge control The inverter supplies power to the DC load from the battery pack, and the battery also directly supplies power to the independent inverter, which is converted into AC power through the independent inverter to supply power to the AC load

Introduction to Off-Grid Solar Power System
The complete off-grid solar system is widely used in remote mountainous areas, non-electric areas, islands, communication base stations and other applications. The system is generally composed of photovoltaic arrays composed of solar cell components, solar charge and discharge controllers, battery packs, off-grid inverters, DC loads and AC loads. The photovoltaic array converts solar energy into electric energy under the condition of light, and supplies power to the load through the solar charge and discharge controller, and charges the battery pack at the same time; when there is no light, the battery pack supplies power to the DC load through the solar charge and discharge controller. At the same time, the battery also needs to directly supply power to the independent inverter, which is converted into alternating current through the independent inverter to supply power to the alternating current load.

Power generation principle
Sunlight illuminates the semiconductor p-n junction to form a new hole-electron pair. Under the action of the p-n junction electric field, the holes flow from the n region to the p region, and the electrons flow from the p region to the n region. After the circuit is turned on, a current is formed. This is how photoelectric effect solar cells work.
Solar power generation method
There are two ways of solar power generation, one is light-heat-electricity conversion, and the other is light-electricity direct conversion.
(1) The light-heat-electric conversion method generates electricity by using the thermal energy generated by solar radiation. Generally, the solar collector converts the absorbed thermal energy into the steam of the working medium, and then drives the steam turbine to generate electricity. The former process is a light-thermal conversion process; the latter process is a thermal-electrical conversion process.
(2) Light-to-electricity direct conversion method This method uses the photoelectric effect to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. The basic device for light-to-electricity conversion is solar cells. A solar cell is a device that directly converts sunlight energy into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When the sun shines on the photodiode, the photodiode will convert the sun's light energy into electrical energy and generate electricity. current. When many cells are connected in series or in parallel, it can become a solar cell array with relatively large output power.